展翅译诗
《一》
致水鸟
点评
威廉·卡伦·布赖恩特(William Cullen Bryant 1794—1879) 美国诗人 这首诗的“诗魂”是祈盼给鸟儿导航的大自然给自己的人生导航。这首诗的“诗眼”在结尾处“my steps aright”。如果按字句直译为“正确的脚步”，就显得呆滞生硬；我们按照“翻译艺术中的逆向思维”，用否定词加反义词的否定句式翻译，译作“孤单的长路中迈开永不偏离的脚步”，则灵动鲜活，诗意盎然。
披着滴落的露珠，
天空灿烂，白日的行程就要结束；
穿过玫瑰色的遥远空际，
你往何方把孤单的前程追逐？
看你远远飞翔而无计可施，
捕鸟人的眼光徒劳眷顾；
满天红霞把你映衬，
暗黑的身影飘飘飞舞。
你是在寻找开阔的大河之滨，
还是波浪拍岸的水草之湖？
或者潮水冲刷的海滩，
那里的巨浪奔腾起伏？
有上苍把你关照，
在无路的海岸为你指路－－
在荒漠和无边的空际，
你孤单的飘荡不致迷途。
你成天翕动翅膀，
任空气稀薄、寒冷，飞在高处，
疲乏中你不肯降落舒适的大地，
即使黑夜即将紧闭它的帷幕。
你很快就会结束这样的劳苦，
你即将找到你夏天的住处；
休息中呼唤自己的伙伴，
芦苇也会躬身把你的窝巢遮护。
你的身躯全被吞没，
天堂深渊里，你踪影全无；
然而你的启迪深深留在我的心底，
我将久久地久久地把它记住。
从一地又到一地，
天空无垠，你的飞翔从无迟误；
愿引领你的向导把我引领，
孤单的长路中迈开永不偏离的脚步。
To a Waterfowl
William Cullen Bryant
Whither, 'midst falling dew,
While glow the heavens with the last steps of day,
Far, through their rosy depths, dost thou pursue
Thy solitary way?
Vainly the fowler's eye
Might mark thy distant flight to do thee wrong,
As, darkly painted on the crimson sky,
Thy figure floats along.
Seek'st thou the plashy brink
Of weedy lake, or marge of river wide,
Or where the rocking billows rise and sink
On the chafed ocean side?
There is a Power whose care
Teaches thy way along that pathless coast,--
The desert and illimitable air,--
Lone wandering, but not lost.
All day thy wings have fann'd
At that far height, the cold thin atmosphere:
Yet stoop not, weary, to the welcome land,
Though the dark night is near.
And soon that toil shall end,
Soon shalt thou find a summer home, and rest,
And scream among thy fellows; reed shall bend
Soon o'er thy sheltered nest.
Thou'rt gone, the abyss of heaven
Hath swallowed up thy form; yet, on my heart
Deeply hath sunk the lesson thou hast given,
And shall not soon depart.
He, who, from zone to zone,
Guides through the boundless sky thy certain flight,
In the long way that I must tread alone,
Will lead my steps aright.
《二》
栖息的鹰
特德•休斯
点评
否定的范围或对象至关重要。英语中的否定形式往往会造成歧义,甚至会导致完全相反的理解.如“I didn't go to the ball because you were there.'”意思是“不是因为你在那里我才去参加舞会的”而不是“因为你在那里，所以我没有去参加舞会。”下面这首诗中“no falsifying dream”可以理解为“不做梦，梦很虚幻”，也可以理解为“做梦，梦不虚幻”。
闭上双眼，立于丛林之颠,
纹丝不动，梦境毫无虚幻：
弯喙啄刺，勾爪挥舞，
把捕杀的绝技演练。
服贴的大树高耸云端，
御风展翅，沐浴太阳的光焰；
一切便利各尽其用，
我来巡视大地仰卧的容颜。
或者利爪紧扣粗糙的树皮，
或者羽翼扇动直冲蓝天；
这爪与翅由造物尽心造化，
如今反倒将造物掌管。
我把地球慢慢拨转，
生杀全由喜怒裁判；
无须辩术掩饰遮盖，
我的作风就是把头颅掐断---
直插活物的骨骼，
冲刺疾如闪电；
就这样分配死亡，
无须废话论证我的王权。
把太阳置于背后，
万事万物此生从无变换；
眼里容不下丝毫更改，
我要维持现状直到永远。
Hawk RoostingTed Hughes
I sit in the top of the wood, my eyes closed.
Inaction, no falsifying dream
Between my hooked head and hooked feet:
Or in sleep rehearse perfect kills and eat.
The convenience of the high trees!
The air's buoyancy and the sun's ray
Are of advantage to me;
And the earth's face upward for my inspection.
My feet are locked upon the rough bark.
It took the whole of Creation
To produce my foot, my each feather:
Now I hold Creation in my foot
Or fly up, and revolve it all slowly -
I kill where I please because it is all mine.
There is no sophistry in my body:
My manners are tearing off heads -
The allotment of death.
For the one path of my flight is direct
Through the bones of the living.
No arguments assert my right:
The sun is behind me.
Nothing has changed since I began.
My eye has permitted no change.
I am going to keep things like this.
《三》
库尔庄园的野天鹅
威廉·巴特勒·叶芝 (William Butler Yeats 1865—1939) 爱尔兰诗人
点评
细数展翅的天鹅，详查悠游的意态，诗人念念不忘，只怕一觉醒来这些美丽的精灵会远走高飞、无影无踪。
千树万树换上美丽的秋装，
林间小径干干爽爽，
十月里薄暮晨曦轻轻笼罩，
平静的湖水映衬云影天光；
秋水涨满，乱石兀立，
五十九只天鹅悠游湖上。
自我头一回细数天鹅，
已有十九个寒来暑往；
曾记得我还未数到最后，
天鹅突然纷乱地拍打翅膀，
一齐高高跃离水面，
绕着零碎的圆圈飞翔。
面对这些灿烂的生灵凝望，
我的心底泛起一阵悲伤。
忘不了暮色里初次来到岸边此处，
我倾听头上天鹅拍翅的声响，
一切都已改变，
我步履沉重，不再年富力强。
他们划动在多情的水面，
永无疲倦，结对成双，
时而一举凌空，
他们的心总是青春飞扬；
无论何处，时时相伴，
或者沉醉痴迷，或者敬畏景仰。
举止神秘，姿态优美，
平静的水面滑行流畅；
他们将在哪里筑起爱巢，
是芦苇深处，还是湖岸近旁？
只怕赏心悦目的景色中我一觉醒来，
发现他们全都飞走，一片空荡。
The Wild Swans at Coole
THE trees are in their autumn beauty,
The woodland paths are dry,
Under the October twilight the water
Mirrors a still sky;
Upon the brimming water among the stones
Are nine-and-fifty swans.
The nineteenth autumn has come upon me
Since I first made my count;
I saw, before I had well finished,
All suddenly mount
And scatter wheeling in great broken rings
Upon their clamorous wings.
I have looked upon those brilliant creatures,
And now my heart is sore.
All's changed since I, hearing at twilight,
The first time on this shore,
The bell-beat of their wings above my head,
Trod with a lighter tread.
Unwearied still, lover by lover,
They paddle in the cold
Companionable streams or climb the air;
Their hearts have not grown old;
Passion or conquest, wander where they will,
Attend upon them still.
But now they drift on the still water,
Mysterious, beautiful;
Among what rushes will they build,
By what lake's edge or pool
Delight men's eyes when I awake some day
To find they have flown away?
《四》
鹰
阿尔弗莱德·坦尼生 Alfred Tennyson
点评
贴近太阳，背靠蓝天，俯瞰大地，逼视大海，静则勾爪紧扣悬崖，动则疾如闪电霹雳，好一付王者气派！
勾爪紧扣崖际，
贴近太阳，立身寂寥大地，
周遭蓝天一碧。
下面大海蠕动，皱纹四起，
巉岩上鹰眼犀利，
俯冲下去，疾如闪电霹雳。
The Eagle
He clasps the crag with crooked hands,
Close to the sun in lonely lands,
Ring' d with the azure world, he stands.
The wrinkled sea beneath him crawls;
He watches from his mountain walls,
And like a thunderbolt he falls.
来自群组: 中国诗社 |
发表于 2015-11-9 13:48
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