悼念译诗
《一》
柳林
丹蒂·加布里埃尔·罗塞蒂(Dante Gabriel Rossetti 1828—1882)英国诗人
点评
神仙作伴,可谓孤独之极；神曲传情,真是思念太甚。清泉闪亮爱人的眼睛,碧波化作爱人的秀发,就连那汩汩流淌的水声也变成与爱人狂吻的背景音乐。这首悼念爱人的诗,通篇不见“爱人”及“悼念”之类的词语。这“悼亡”的意义由“willow”一词隐含,而“爱人”则用代词表达。中国人用“折柳” 表示对离人的依依惜别之情,而西方人用以表示对死者的哀悼。正因为这种文化内含的差异,我们采用注释性翻译手法,起首点明“哀悼爱人的亡灵”。另外,由于发音及语言习惯等原因,原作中的代词在译语中大多由名词取代；特别是原作中用来表示“爱人”的女性代词,为了与男性的“爱神”相区别(汉语中两者发音相同),全都换成名词。
柳林下，泉水边，
我独自哀悼爱人的亡灵；
唯有天上的爱神前来作拌，
与我并坐泉边俯看水中的倒影；
他低头躲避我的目光，
他双唇紧闭默不出声；
他不能把天机向我泄漏，
只得弹起古瑟细细传达真情；
清泉里我们四目相对
碧水中我们心明如镜；
他的琴曲化作爱人温柔的话语，
我再也忍不住泪如雨淋。
我的泪水滴落泉中，
爱神的眼睛变成了爱人的眼睛；
爱神迈开脚步张开翅膀，
越过清泉就无踪无影；
那泉水便流进了我焦渴的心田，
那碧浪便幻化成爱人卷发的波纹；
俯身细看，爱人的红唇向我扑来，
汩汩喷涌出阵阵狂吻。
Willow Wood
I sat with Love upon a woodside well,
Leaning across the water, I and he；
Nor ever did he speak nor look’d at me,
But touch’d his lute where in was audible
The certain secret thing he had to tell：
Only our mirror’d eyes met silently
In the low wave；and thatsound came to be
The passionate voice I knew; and my tears fell．
And at their fall, his eyes beneath grew hers；
And with his foot and with his wing-feathers
He swept the spring that water’d my heart’s drouth.
Then the dark ripples spread to waving hair,
And as I stoop’d, her own lips rising there
Bubbled with brimming kisses at my mouth．
《二》
五月的阳光如琥珀洒向林间
威廉·卡伦·布赖恩特William Cullen Bryant
点评
与其它为爱人吟唱的悼亡诗不同,这首诗的特点是触景生情。无论是春光、绿草、鲜花还是鸟鸣都会勾起往事,思念起逝去的爱人。真可谓一物一伤感,一景一动情。翻译这首诗犹如为歌词谱曲,既要表现情与景的关联,深沉的内涵,又要赋予它一咏三叹中完美的乐感。
五月的阳光如琥珀洒向林间，
初长的树叶和草坪嫩绿点点；
她曾多么钟情这萌动的绿色，
面带笑容更比春光灿烂。
她已在墓中安息，
她已在地下长眠。
树丛中开满洁白的花朵，
一簇簇拥着小径曲折蜿蜒；
她一颗心多么善良温顺，
采集鲜花的纤手更比鲜花娇艳。
她已在墓中安息，
她已在地下长眠。
林地的早晨空气新鲜，
小鸟的啼鸣响成一片；
她曾邀我倾听鸟儿歌唱，
可她的声音比鸟的歌唱更甜。
她已在墓中安息，
她已在地下长眠。
听着往昔这美妙的乐音，
我止不住悲痛泪水漣漣；
每逢花开我心如刀绞，
只因她总会活在我的面前。
她已在墓中安息，
她已在地下长眠。
The May-sun Sheds an Amber Light
The May-sun sheds an Amber light
On new-leaved woods and lawns between；
But she who, with a smile more bright,
Welcome and watch the springing green,
Is in her grave,
Low in her grave．
The fair white blossoms of the wood
In groups beside the pathway stand；
But one, the gentle and the good,
Who cropp’d them with a fairer hand,
Is in her grave,
Low in her grave．
Upon the woodland’s morning airs
The small birds’ mingled notes are flung；
But she, whose voice, more sweet than theirs,
Once bade me listen, while they sung,
Is in her grave,
Low in her grave．
That music of the early year
Brings tears of anguish to my eyes；
My heart aches when the flowers appear；
For then I think of her who lies
Within her grave,
Low in her grave．
《三》
夜 半 时 分
托玛斯·穆尔Thomas Moore
点评
夜半时分思念故去的爱人,连星星也陪着伤心落泪；独自唱起往日共同唱过的歌谣,但愿她在天国的灵魂能把这思念的曲调远远呼应。
就在夜半时分，
星星正落泪伤伸；
我飞往我们曾深爱的幽谷,
那时你对生活充满激情。
但愿灵魂能走出幽冥，
但愿你与我重访欢乐的旧景；
请你一定吿诉我，
既使在天上也要把我牢记在心！
接着，我唱起那狂放的歌谣，
那首歌曾多么动听！
我们的声音曾混在一起,
我们的歌唱彼此难分;
那是我们忧伤的祈祷隆隆滚动,
穿过山谷传来那遥远的回声。
呵，我的爱，
这声音来自你天国的灵魂，
把以往亲切的曲调轻轻回应。
At the Mid Hour of Night
Air—“Molly, my Dear”
At the mid hour of night, when stars are weeping, I fly
To the lone vale we loved when life was warm in thine eye,
And I think that if spirits can steal from the regions of air
To revisit past scenes of delight, thou wilt come to me there,
And tell me our love is remember’d, even in the sky!
Then I sing the wild song it once was rapture to hear!
When our voices, commingling, breathed like one on the ear,
And, as Echo far off through the vale my sad orison rolls,
I think answering still the notes that once were so dear．
《四》
特尼莎
瓦尔特·萨维奇·兰德Walter Savage Landor
点评
原语述说人已死去,译语反说人还活着；原语说面对的不是亡魂,而译语说面对的是活生生的人；原语用否定句而译语用反诘句,原语动词 “delight” 转换成形容词 “快活的”,原语中的宾语“each word”译语中改变成主语等等,都是逆向思维的活用。诗人对死者的悼念之情在两种语言中都同样跃然纸上。
特尼莎，
你还活在世上！
我是在对鲜活的人说话，
我能看到你愉快的面庞；
真的，你只是在地下休息，
真的，你只是要稍稍安躺；
我听到你声音清脆，
我看到你仪态万方；
谁会觉察灭绝？
谁能感到死亡？
快活的姑娘们在这里长住，
长春花在这里处处生长；
你讲述的每一句话语，
都汇入她们恬静的胸膛：
狂燥的冥后把你抱在膝头，
她的表情多么和善温良；
你用你那平静的手掌，
让冥王严酷的面容变得慈悲安祥。
Ternissa! You Are Fled
Ternissa! you are fled!
I say not to the dead,
But to the happy ones who rest below：
For surely, surely, where
Your voice and graces are,
Nothing of death can any feel or know．
Girls who delight to dwell
Where grows most asphodel,
Gather to their calm breasts each word you speak：
The wild Persephone
Places you on her knee,
And your cool palm smoothes down stern Pluto’s cheek．
《五》
你离别了人间
乔治·戈登·拜伦George Gordon Noel Byron
点评
这首悼念爱人的诗一咏三叹,句句流畅优美,行行伤感动情,细腻之中不乏阳刚之气。
你离别了人间
带着青春的娇艳，
似乎降身时命已注定，
踪影如消散的清烟；
你温柔无与伦比，
你妩媚世上罕见，
一生如此短暂，
竟这样命归黄泉！
谁能拒绝地上的过客，
尽管她就在地下安眠，
人们在她上面踩踏，
欢声笑语，自在悠闲；
只有一颗心疼痛难耐，
不忍朝那坟地略盱一眼。
你安息何处我不想打探，
也不想凝望那伤心的地点；
任由野花杂草滋长，
我宁可闭目不见：
爱过就必定会爱得长久，
直到万代千年，
一如太阳从东方升起，
恰似时光永远向前；
足矣，此情可证，
足矣，此心可鉴！
无需墓碑铭记，
至爱就刻在我的心间。
我爱你铭心刻骨，
你爱我梦绕魂牵；
过去忠贞不悔，
现在痴情一片；
死神把爱永远凝固，
时光在胸中点燃爱的烈焰，
此爱纯真无暇，
此生永无移情别恋。
我难以承受这更惨的现实：
你再也不能睁开双眼，
但愿你真在看我，
哪怕是错是冤是变！
甜蜜的春光我们两人共享，
苦涩的果实我独自吞咽；
你远离了风暴的愁容，
你不再有阳光的笑脸，
伴着无穷的静谧，
没有梦搅扰安眠；
我全无泪水，
我只有艳羡，
我无法追悔，
我如何埋怨；
一切美丽都已逝去，
我却未能守望你悠悠退色的容颜。
盛开的花朵无与伦比，
为何总最先受到糟践？
纵然无人过早采摘，
也难耐叶落的熬煎；
看着它渐渐凋零，
数着落叶片片，
不如让它一朝毁损，
免得一颗心更加忧烦。
常人的眼睛不缺仁慈，
谁能忍看娇花遭受摧残。
当你带着美丽逝去，
我不敢想象去亲眼面见；
记得那个早晨过后的夜晚，
天色更加幽暗，
整天没有一丝云彩飘过，
而你却显得格外灿烂，
毫无衰败的迹象，
却突然撒手人寰；
就像那划破夜空的流星，
陨落前闪耀最亮的光焰。
想到无法靠近你的卧床，
无法通夜守在你的身边，
尽管泪水已经流尽，
我还会顷刻涕泣涟涟。
扶起你低垂的头颅，
凝视着你的颜面，
拥抱你模糊的身躯，
此情此意多么缠绵！
尽管这一切都是虚幻，
尽管这一切都是枉然！
你我再也不能重温旧梦，
让这爱在人世里重现。
我已失去了一切，
尽管你丢下我无挂无牵；
爱的往事栩栩如生，
永久滋润我的心田。
你的一切都不会消逝，
时时刻刻重现我的眼前。
穿过那恐怖的永恒，
透过那无穷的黑暗，
就像你还活着的那些时日，
你逝去的爱比一切更让我眷念。
And Thou Art Dead
“Heu, quanto minus est cum reliquis versariquam tui meminisse!”
And thou art dead, as young and fair
As aught of mortal birth；
And form so soft, and charms so rare,
Too soon return’d to Earth!
Though Earth received them in her bed,
And o’ver the spot the crowd may tread
In carelessness or mirth,
There is an eye which could not brook
A moment on that grave to look．
I will not ask where thou liest low,
Nor gaze upon the spot；
There flowers or weeds at will may grow,
So I behold them not：
It is enough for me to prove
That what I loved, and long must love,
Like common earth can rot；
To me there needs no stone to tell,
’Tis nothing that I loved so well．
Yet did I love thee to the last
As fervently as thou,
Who didst not change through all the past,
And canst not alter now．
The love where Death has set his seal,
Nor age can chill, nor rival steal,
Nor falsehood disavow：
And, what were worse, thou canst not see
Or wrong, or change, or fault in me．
The better days of life were ours；
The worst can be but mine：
The sun that cheers, the storm that lowers,
Shall never more be thine．
The silence of that dreamless sleep
I envy now too much to weep；
Nor need I to repine
That all those charms have pass’d away,
I might have watch’d through long decay．
The flower in ripen’d bloom unmatch’d,
Must fall the earliest prey；
Though by no hand untimely snatch’d,
The leaves must drop away：
And yet it were a greater grief
To watch it withering, leaf by leaf
Than see it pluck’d today；
Since earthly eye but ill can bear
To trace the change to foul from fair．
I know not if I could have borne
To see thy beauties fade；
The night that follow’d such a morn
Had worn a deeper shade．
The day without a cloud hath pass’d,
And thou wert lovely to the last；
Extinguish’d, not decay’d；
As stars that shoot along the sky
Shine brightly as thy fall from high．
As once I wept, if I could weep,
My tears might well be shed,
To think I was not near to keep
One vigil o’er thy bed；
To gaze, how fondly! On thy face,
Upon thy drooping head；
And show that love, however vain,
Nor thou nor I can feel again．
Yet how much less it were to gain,
Though thou has left me free,
The loveliest things that still remain,
Than thus remember thee!
The all of thine that cannot die
Through dark and dread Eternity
Returns again to me,
And more thy buried love endears
Than aught, except its living years.
来自群组: 中国诗社 |
发表于 2015-11-21 06:51
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